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Feline hyperaldosteronism
Feline Primary Hyperaldosteronism (PHA) is perhaps the most common adrenocortical disorder in cats. In both primary and secondary hyperaldosteronism, concentrations of the hormone aldosterone are elevated.〔 Secondary hyperaldosteronism is a normal physiological response to decreased arterial blood volume, wherein hypovolemia activates the renin-angiotensin system to stimulate aldosterone synthesis and thus increase fluid retention.
==Primary hyperaldosteronism==
Primary hyperaldosteronism is a disorder of the adrenal cortex that causes increased circulating aldosterone levels. There are two types of PHA. One type is caused by a unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma or adenocarcinoma. The other type, known as idiopathic hyperaldosteronism, occurs with bilateral adrenal hyperplasia.
The pathophysiological consequences of PHA are a result of abnormal increases in the hormone aldosterone. Aldosterone receptors are present on the epithelial cells of the distal nephron in the kidney. Aldosterone activates sodium channels that result in sodium resorption from the urine.〔 Increased sodium and water retention results in systemic arterial hypertension.〔 This increase in active sodium reabsorption generates an electrochemical gradient that leads to passive transfer of potassium from the tubular cells into the urine. This causes a lower total body concentration of potassium and potentially, hypokalemia.〔 Hypokalemia affects polarization of nerve and muscle membranes, which causes episodic muscle weakness.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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